Which of the following describes convection?

Convection is defined as the movement of heat through fluids, which includes both gases and liquids. This process involves the circulation of the fluid itself, where warmer, less dense portions rise while cooler, denser portions sink. As a result, heat is transferred throughout the fluid in a convective cycle. This phenomenon is commonly observed in various natural and artificial systems, such as boiling water, atmospheric circulation, and the operation of heating systems.

Understanding convection is crucial for various applications, including meteorology, engineering, and environmental science, where the behavior of fluids and heat transfer plays a significant role in system efficiency and dynamics.