What does the angle of attack refer to in aviation?

The angle of attack specifically refers to the angle between the chord line of an airfoil (such as a wing) and the direction of the airflow relative to that airfoil. This concept is crucial in understanding how lift is generated, as increasing the angle of attack generally increases lift up to a certain point. However, if the angle becomes too steep, it can lead to a stall, where the airflow separates from the wing and lift diminishes dramatically.

The relationship between the angle of attack and lift is fundamental in aviation, influencing how pilots manage flight during takeoff, cruising, and landing phases. Understanding this concept is essential for maintaining control and safety while flying, as well as for optimizing performance during different flight conditions.