What characteristic defines an alternating current?

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An alternating current (AC) is defined by the periodic reversal of direction. This means that, unlike direct current (DC), which flows in a constant direction, AC changes its direction at regular intervals. This characteristic allows AC to be more easily transformed to different voltage levels and transmitted over long distances efficiently. The alternating nature is essential for the operation of many electrical systems, including power generation and distribution, as it can be used in both residential and industrial applications.

In practical terms, the waveform of AC, typically sinusoidal, oscillates between positive and negative values, which is crucial for its widespread applicability in electrical systems. Understanding this characteristic helps in recognizing the fundamental differences between AC and other types of current, facilitating a better grasp of electrical engineering concepts and applications.

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